What is inorganic pigment

Pigments made from natural minerals or inorganic compounds. Natural mineral pigments are generally lower in purity and darker in color, but lower in price. And the synthesis of inorganic pigments varieties chromatogram complete, bright color, pure, strong hiding power.

  very early human use inorganic pigments, prehistoric times soot, chalk, soil color, natural iron oxide has been used as a pigment. In 3000 BC to 2000, has mastered the production method of ceruse. In 200 BC, Chinese with artificial refining vermilion (HgS) as a pigment. In 1704, German disco Bach invention color pigment Prussian blue (a deep blue pigment, main components of FE4 [Fe (CN) 6]? XH2O] manufacturing method. In 1809 the French L.-N. vauquelin made chrome yellow, 1831 French i.b. Meggie near Lyon in factories producing an ultramarine, 1874 British austenitic zinc company belongs to the Widnes factory production of lithopone. 1916 titanium composite pigments (including TiO225%), 1923 pure titanium dioxide (Tai Bai) into the production, so that the level of pigment production to promote a big step. At present, the chromatography of inorganic pigments, basically has a complete set of complete.

   inorganic pigments are widely used in industrial production departments, coatings, plastics, synthetic fiber, rubber, building materials, stationery, paint, printing ink, paper, glass, enamel, ceramics etc.. Inorganic pigments can be divided into two kinds of achromatic pigment and color pigment. Including the achromatic pigment from white, gray to black series pigments, they only show the amount of light reflected different, i.e., the brightness of the different. Color pigments are able to a certain wavelength of light, selectively to be absorbed, the rest of the wavelength of light reflected by a variety of different colors.

  in the early 1980s, annual production capacity of the inorganic pigment 3.6Mt. Among them: titanium dioxide accounted for 74%, iron oxide pigments 14.6%, chrome 5.0%, antirust pigment 4.6%, chromium oxide green accounted for 1%, cadmium pigments 0.2%, other 0.6%. The new compound pigment, the annual production capacity has been increased to 10kt. China inorganic pigment production enterprises more than one hundred, the total output of more than 200kt. (see pictures):

  white pigments are mainly white, lithopone, Zinc Oxide etc.. Titanium white pigment is the most widely used. Its whiteness, hiding power, coloring power, weather resistance, chemical resistance are better than other white pigments. The world annual output is about 2.7Mt. The poor performance of lithopone, and easy powder. Zinc Oxide's coloring power, hiding power than both for poor, with acid high coating, easy to produce zinc soap, at present, in addition to the use of anti rust pigment, has been less used.

  The chemical composition of   titanium dioxide; titanium dioxide, have practical significance of two main crystal type, namely anatase and rutile. Titanium dioxide particles, the use of aluminum, silicon, titanium, zirconium salts, surface treatment, that is, a variety of models of pigment titanium dioxide. As for the pigment titanium dioxide is mainly used for the production of coatings.

  also known as lithopone lithopone. By the chemical processing of barite and made of barium sulphide solution and reacted with zinc sulfate solution obtained barium sulfate zinc coprecipitate, which by roasting, water mill, drying, lithopone. The surface treatment of lithopone, have better wetting properties suitable for grinding, paint, rubber and printing ink industry.

  Zinc Oxide has two kinds of production methods, direct and indirect method. The direct method Zinc Oxide contains many impurities, the color dark and with ash, but rust ability is strong. Indirect method Zinc Oxide color is white, but the price is more expensive. Zinc Oxide is mainly used in the manufacture of rubber products, coatings, metal soap, catalyst, grease, feed and soil additives. Zinc Oxide for the manufacture of high purity medical tape. (see

  black pigment is second only to white pigment. The main variety is carbon black. Properties of carbon black used for pigments and rubber processing. The main quality indexes of carbon black pigment is blackness and hue.

  Red Pigment Inorganic Pigments in the red pigment, mainly iron oxide red. Iron oxide has a variety of different colors, from yellow to red, brown to black. Iron oxide red is the most common ferric oxide pigments. Has a good hiding power and color, chemical resistance, color retention, dispersion, lower prices. Iron oxide red for the production of floor paint, ship paint, due to a significant rust resistance, but also the production of rust proof paint and the main raw material primer. Iron oxide red granulated ground to & le; 0.01μ m, the pigment in organic media covering force decreased significantly, the pigment known as transparent iron oxide, used to make transparent color paint or metallic paint, than the use of organic dyes have better color retention.

  Lead chrome yellow (lead chromate), zinc chromate, zinc chromate), cadmium yellow (CDS) and yellow (hydrous ferric oxide) and other varieties are the main yellow pigment. The use of lead chrome yellow is the most widely, the largest yield. World annual production of about 180kt, China's annual output of about 10kt. Lead chrome yellow Zhegeli strong, bright color, easy to disperse, but in the daylight dimmed. Zinc chromate covering and tinting strength is poor but lead chrome yellow, light color, good light fastness. Cadmium yellow has good heat resistance, light fastness, bright color, but tinting strength and covering force is lower than that of lead chrome yellow, cost is higher, in the application of restricted. Lead chrome yellow and yellow are cadmium containing heavy metals, can not be used for children's toys, stationery and food packaging color. Iron yellow jersey is dark, but durability, dispersion, hiding power, heat resistance, high chemical resistance, alkali resistance is very good, and the price is low, so it is widely used in building materials, color.lead chrome yellow will lead nitrate and lead acetate and dichromate sodium or potassium dichromate, sodium hydroxide and aluminum sulfate, etc., a variety of raw materials, by different ratio, different reaction conditions can all kinds of colour and lustre of lead chrome yellow.

  zinc chromate, also known as zinc yellow. Will the zinc oxide suspending in the water, then add potassium dichromate and chromic acid and basic zinc potassium chromate K2CrO4)? 3ZnCrO4? Zn (OH) 2 is the pigment of zinc chrome yellow. Also useful sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid to replace part of the chromic acid, but the generation of potassium sulfate or potassium chloride must in filtered and dried thoroughly before wash. Basic zinc potassium chromate as lemon yellow pigment, also can be the same with the red oxide primer made. Another kind of zinc chromate zinc oxide with chromic acid reaction system, also known as tetrabasic zinc chromate zncro4? 4zn (OH) 2, used for manufacturing phosphating primer.

  cadmium yellow cadmium yellow Youchun cadmium yellow and barium sulfate cadmium yellow two. To the aqueous solution of cadmium salt added the mixed solution of sodium or sodium sulfide and sodium selenide and precipitated sulfide cadmium yellow or cadmium sulfide red, after washing and filtering in rotary kiln (kiln) in the 500 ~ 700° C roasting, that was from lemon yellow to orange red colour and lustre is different cadmium yellow pigments or cadmium red.

& nbsp; yellow natural iron oxide yellow is a contains various impurities of hydrated iron oxide impurities, mainly silicate. In the past, the preparation of iron oxide yellow to nitrobenzene reduction in the production of aniline waste iron sludge as raw material. Another method is to heat the ferrous sulfate in the presence of iron and oxygen, to produce iron oxide yellow. The poor thermal stability of iron oxide yellow, heated to 180° C above, that is, dehydration and become iron oxide red.

  green pigment mainly has two kinds of chromium oxide green and lead chrome green. The oxidation of light, chrome green heat resistance, excellent chemical resistance, but dark color, tinting strength and hiding power. Lead chrome green durability, heat resistance is less than chromium oxide green, but bright color, good dispersion, easy to process, because of the toxic heavy metals, since the advent of phthalocyanine green and other organic pigments, the amount has been gradually reduced.

& nbsp; chromic oxide, chrome oxide green, also known as, to chromate and dichromate sodium (or potassium and ammonium) and carbon or sulfur by calcination and, color from light green to dark green. Used for metallurgical products, cement coloring. Its particle hardness is high, can be used for optical materials and metal polishing polishing agent; its spectral reflectance characteristics are very close to chlorophyll, so it can be used for military camouflage paint.

& nbsp; lead chrome green is chrome yellow and blue iron mixture in Chromate Manufacturing in the process of adding iron blue wet slurry and that regulation of iron blue added amount of, can be obtained from the yellow light green (2% ~ 3% iron blue) to dark green (60% ~ 65% iron blue) a variety of different color of green pigment. Lead chrome green can be used for general paint. Otherwise a chrome yellow and phthalocyanine blue organic pigment mixture called chrome green, this paint, bright color, other performance is also better.

  blue pigment are mainly iron, cobalt blue, ultramarine blue and other varieties. The yield of Ultramarine is larger, ultramarine not alkali resistant acid, bright color, high temperature resistant. Iron blue acid is not alkali resistant, covering power, tinting strength is higher than that of ultramarine, poor durability than ultramarine. Since the phthalocyanine blue into the market, due to its coloring power is two times higher than the iron blue, and other performance is good, and therefore the amount of iron blue decreased year by year. The cobalt high temperature resistance, excellent light fastness, but the tinting strength and hiding power is a bit poor, high prices, limited use.

& nbsp; blue iron from ferrous sulfate and potassium ferrocyanide (K4Fe), ammonium sulfate reaction generation white pulp, and then to chlorate oxidation and. Blue iron blue called China blue (China blue), red iron blue called Miluoli blue (Milori blue). Poor affinity medium blue iron for hydrophilic pigment with oil, resin, etc., with surface active agent can improve the pro oil, easy grinding performance, made of iron blue of the deep blue paint, after exposure to surface is easy to generate light copper phenomenon. Mainly used in the manufacture of printing ink and stationery.

  Ultramarine by clay, sulphur, caustic soda, Glauber's salt, carbon black and silica powder according to different formula mixing, arranged in a jar, calcined at high temperature, the washing refining process made. Products from light blue to dark blue. After being mixed with ammonium chloride by heat treatment, can be made of pink, purple pigment. Used for painting pigments, rubber, plastics, coatings, etc.. In case of Ultramarine white calcium hydroxide, and therefore can not be used for coloring cement.

& nbsp; development trend of the new inorganic pigment in recent years research and development direction of mainly is: development of composite pigment, such as blue (COO? Cr2O3 Al2O3), titanium nickel yellow (TiO2 NiO? Sb2O3). Addition of chromium, cobalt, iron, zinc and other oxides in nickel and Antimony Titanate can be made of yellow, green, blue, brown and other high temperature resistant, durable, resistant to chemicals toxic to nontoxic pigment, bright color, excellent performance. It can be used for has high durability requirements of building materials, paint, plastics coloring and preparation of paint etc.. (2) develop the pigment particle surface treatment technology, to inorganic compounds or organic compounds on the surface of the pigment particles to form a layer of color film, can change the surface properties of pigment particles and improve the light resistance, heat resistance, wettability, expand the scope of application and improve the use value. Manufacture and processing of pigments, the use of the user can be directly applied to save a lot of grinding processing costs.

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